مقایسه ارقام قدیم و جدید گندم دیم در واکنش به تغییر تاریخ کاشت

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 سازمان جهاد کشاورزی خراسان رضوی - مدیریت زراعت

2 عضو هیئت علمی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

3 عضو هیئت علمی دانشگاه فردوسی

چکیده

این آزمایش با هدف اثر تاریخ کاشت بر رشد، اجزای عملکرد و عملکرد ارقام گندم در سال زراعی 95-1394 در ایستگاه تحقیقات دیم استان خراسان شمالی بصورت کرت‌های خرد شده در قالب طرح پایه بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار اجرا شد. سه تاریخ کاشت پاییزه (10 مهرماه، 10 آبان ماه و 10 آذر ماه) به عنوان عامل کرت‌های اصلی و هفت رقم (سرداری (رقم قدیم)، سبلان (رقم قدیم)، اوحدی (رقم جدید)، هما (رقم جدید)، کریم (رقم جدید)، آذر 2 (رقم قدیم) و کراس سبلان (رقم قدیم)) به عنوان عامل کرت‌های فرعی در نظر گرفته شدند. نتایج نشان داد که اثر ساده تاریخ کاشت بر ارتفاع بوته، تعداد روز تا گلدهی و رسیدگی و اثر ساده رقم بر ارتفاع بوته، تعداد روز تا گلدهی و رسیدگی، تعداد دانه در متر مربع، وزن هزار دانه و عملکرد دانه و بیولوژیکی معنی‌دار بود. اثر متقابل تاریخ کاشت و رقم تعداد سنبله بارور، تعداد دانه در متر مربع، وزن هزار دانه و عملکرد دانه را به طور معنی‌داری تحت تأثیر قرار داد. بیشترین و کمترین تعداد دانه در متر مربع به ترتیب برای رقم اوحدی در تاریخ کاشت دوم و کریم در تاریخ کاشت اول با 4149 و 1309 دانه در متر مربع مشاهده شد. بالاترین عملکرد بیولوژیکی برای رقم اوحدی با 3465 کیلوگرم در هکتار ثبت شد. بیشترین و کمترین عملکرد دانه به ترتیب در تاریخ کاشت دوم برای رقم اوحدی (1639 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و تاریخ کاشت اول و رقم کریم (8/297 کیلوگرم در هکتار) بدست آمد.

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