تاثیر میکوریزا، زئولیت و سوپرجاذب بر رشد و استقراراولیه گیاهچه Agropyron elongatum در اراضی معدنکاوی شده (مطالعه موردی: کارخانه سیمان شرق مشهد)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری علوم مرتع، دانشکده مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان مدیر کارگروه پژوهشکده محیط های خشک،

2 استاد گروه مرتع، دانشکده مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان

3 دانشیار دانشکده منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

4 دانشیار گروه آموزشی زراعت واصلاح نباتات دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

چکیده

مهم‌ترین مرحله در شرایط نامساعد محیطی اراضی معدن‌کاوی شده، استقرار اولیه نشاء گیاهان است که به‌د‌لیل کمبود بارش، فقر عناصر غذایی خاک، بهم‌خوردن لایه‌های مختلف خاک در اراضی معدن‌کاوی شده مناطق خشک و نیمه‌خشک اغلب با شکست مواجه شده می شود. این تحقیق با هدف بررسی امکان افزایش استقراراولیه و رشد گیاه مرتعی Agropyron elongatum در اراضی معدن‌کاوی شده آلوده به فلزات سنگین، ابتدا نشاء‌های کشت شده در گلخانه با میکوریزا (Glomus intraradices)، زئولیت و سوپرجاذب تلقیح و سپس در قالب طرح بلوک کامل تصادفی با چهار تکرار در منطقه نیمه خشک اراضی کارخانه سیمان شرق مشهد در سال 95- 1394 کشت شد. در این تحقیق درصد استقرار، ارتفاع گیاهان کاشته شده، درصد کلونیزاسیون میکوریزا با ریشه گیاه آگروپایرون و برخی از خصوصیات مورفولوژیکی از جمله وزن خشک اندام‌هوایی، وزن خشک ریشه و وزن خشک کل گیاه اندازه‌گیری شد. تیمارهای زئولیت، میکوریزا و سوپرجاذب موجب استقرار اولیه گیاهان (به ترتیب 46 ، 46 و 8 درصد) افزایش ارتفاع (13، 11 و 10 سانتی‌متر)، افزایش وزن خشک اندام هوایی (0.75، 0.69 و 0.41 گرم) و وزن خشک کل گیاه (1.14، 1.06 و 0.51 گرم) نسبت به تیمار شاهد شدند. همچنین تیمارهای زئولیت، میکوریزا موجب افرایش وزن خشک ریشه (0.46 و 0.33 گرم) نسبت به تیمار سوپرجاذب و شاهد شدند. نتایج نشان داد که تیمارهای میکوریزا و زئولیت بیشترین تاثیر را بر-افزایش استقرار اولیه و بهبود خصوصیات رشدی گیاه A. elongatum داشتند و می‌توان جهت استقرار اولیه گیاهان در اراضی معدن‌کاوی شده کارخانه سیمان شرق مشهد پیشنهاد کرد

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