Effects of water stress on some nutrients uptake in Matricaria chamomilla L.
A.
Pirzad
Associate Professor of Urmia University
author
M. R.
Shakiba
Professor of Tabriz University, Tabriz-Iran
author
S.
Zehtab-Salmasi
Professor of Tabriz University, Tabriz-Iran
author
S. A.
Mohammadi
Professor of Tabriz University, Tabriz-Iran
author
text
article
2015
per
For assessment of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium uptake in Matricaria chamomilla L. under differentirrigation regimes a factorial experiment carried out based on randomized complete block design with four levels of irrigation regimes(100, 85, 70 and 55 % of field capacity) with five replications at the experimental greenhouse of Faculty of Agriculture of UrmiaUniversity. Results showed that irrigation regimes did not have any significant effect on the percentage of leaf nitrogen and potassium.However, the percentage of leaf phosphorus, calcium and magnesium were significantly affected by irrigation regimes. The maximumpercentage of leaf phosphorus (0.60 %) was obtained at 100% field capacity, consequently decreased by increasing water stress, butnon-significant difference between was observed in 70 and 55 % field capacity. The minimum percentage of leaf calcium (1.06 %) wasobtained at 100% field capacity, although there was no significant difference between other irrigation regimes. The maximum percentageof leaf magnesium (0.73 %) was obtained at 70% field capacity, and any changes in water supply led to reduction its percentage. Theminimum percentage of leaf magnesium was recorded at 55% field capacity
Applied Field Crops Research
Agricultural Research and Natural Resources Center of Khorasan Razavi
2538-4066
28
v.
106
no.
2015
1
7
https://aj.areeo.ac.ir/article_105662_1b23a572cbc165f799a28919669825ec.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22092/aj.2015.105662
Effect of pelleting process of N-fertilizers on slow nitrification in the soil and its effect on yield improving of basil crop
H.
Alemi
Azad shahr branch, Islamic Azad University, Iran
author
M.H.
Kianmehr
Department of Agrotechnology, College of Aouraihan, University of Tehran, Iran
author
A.M.
Borghaee
Science and Research branch, Islamic Azad University, Iran
author
M.
Almasi
Science and Research branch, Islamic Azad University, Iran
author
text
article
2015
per
Nitrogen is an effective material for improving the crop production and cow manure is an important resource for soil fertilization andimproving physical condition of soil. However there are many factors that limit the application of ordinary composted manure. Theseproblems are low density of manure, different nutrient requirement of the crop and rapidly nitrification. The effective solution of theseproblems is densification technology with molding manure compost into pellet and adjusting the nutrient content of material with addingnitrogen fertilizer. In this research the pelleting machine is used to make dry composted manure into pellets (diameter 10mm and length50mm) with adding chemical fertilizer and binder material (bentonit) physical properties of pellets determined within moisture contentrange 11% and 24% (w.b.) and sorption property of pellets were researched. This study therefore focused on evaluation of effect ofpelleting process on decreasing of nitrification. Results obtained showed that hardness and durability of pellets increased with decreasein moisture content and increase in applied force. Also, effects of mentioned factors on true density, bulk density and porosity wereobserved. The effects of slow-release from mixed pellets in basil crop yield were also observed. Pellet fertilizer is a type of slow-releaseN-fertilizer that slow-release N-fertilizer has long-term effects including reduced leaching losses and enhanced N uptake, as well as.positive effects on both health and soil nutrient levels
Applied Field Crops Research
Agricultural Research and Natural Resources Center of Khorasan Razavi
2538-4066
28
v.
106
no.
2015
8
14
https://aj.areeo.ac.ir/article_105670_5205da25a8dcec00fb0500c52707a658.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22092/aj.2015.105670
Effect of seed treatment on safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) germination under salt and drought stress conditions
E.
Ashrafi
Ph.D. student of University of Isfahan
author
J.
Razmjoo
Professor of University of Isfahan
author
text
article
2015
per
The treated seeds (control, KNO3 and hydropriming) of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) cultivar Koseh were evaluated atgermination for tolerance to salinity (NaCl) and drought induced by PEG-6000 at the different water potentials of 0, -0.3 and -0.6 MPa.Electerical conductivity (EC) value of the NaCl solutions were 0, 6.5 and 12.7 ds.m-1. Germination index, shoot/root ratio, germinationuniformity, days to 50% germination (D50) and abnormal seedlings percentage were measured. Hydropriming treatment showed anincrease in germination index, shoot/root ratio and germination uniformity, while decrease days to 50% germination. Hydroprimingincreased germination percentage and shoot/root ratio under salinity and water stress. Treatment with KNO3 reduced abnormalseedlings percentage under salinity stress. KNO3 improved germination uniformity and germination index the low water potentials.As salinity increased, germination index and shoot/root ration were decreased, while germination uniformity, days to 50% germinationand abnormal seedlings percentage were increased. As drought levels increased, shoot/root ration was decreased, while germinationuniformity, days to 50% germination and abnormal seedlings percentage was increased. The results showed that hydropriming increasedgermination percentage. This treatment enhanced germination ratio under both stresses (salinity and drought) and non-stress conditions.While, hydropriming is simple, cheap and does not need expensive chemicals and sophisticated equipments. Therefore, could be usedto improved seed performance of safflower under saline and drought stress
Applied Field Crops Research
Agricultural Research and Natural Resources Center of Khorasan Razavi
2538-4066
28
v.
106
no.
2015
15
20
https://aj.areeo.ac.ir/article_105671_3d0f283dced791109a14e277189cfd67.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22092/aj.2015.105671
Energy balance and Economical Analysis of Local and Improved Rice (Oryza Sativa L.) Cultivars in Guilan Province
A.
Torabi Jafroodi
M.Sc. of Jahad-Agriculture Guilan Province
author
S.
Adibi
M.Sc. of Jahad-Agriculture Guilan Province
author
A.
Hasanzade
Scientific Staff of Agricultural Research Institute of Azarbaijan Gharbi
author
text
article
2015
per
The study of energy balance in agriculture is one of the ways to evaluation of sustainable agriculture. In this study, energy flow in localand improved rice farms was evaluated in Gilan province during 2005 & 2006. The analysis done to use the input–output technique.Results indicated that N fertilizer had most share in energy consumption (without irrigation energy). Total energy input in improvedand local rice cultivars were 25214.41 and 22329.47 MJ.ha-1, respectively and output energy value of improved and local cultivars was83790 and 61005 MJ.ha-1, respectively. The results showed that although net return in improved rice cultivars was higher than local ricecultivars, The highest benefit cost ratio value observed for local cultivars (1.01).
Applied Field Crops Research
Agricultural Research and Natural Resources Center of Khorasan Razavi
2538-4066
28
v.
106
no.
2015
21
28
https://aj.areeo.ac.ir/article_105672_0d9d313c120069f3c8d759831a48d357.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22092/aj.2015.105672
Study on relationships among yield and some agronomic traits using Path Coefficient analysis in Pure lines Soybean
H.
Kohkan
M.Sc. of Islamic Azad University-Karaj Branch
author
A.
Mohammadi
Assistant professor, Breeding Department of Islamic Azad University-Karaj Branch
author
o
Alishah
Associate professor of cotton Research Institute of Iran
author
E.
Hezarjaribi
Scientific Staff of Agricultural and Natural Resources Research center of Golestan Province
author
text
article
2015
per
In order to study on relationships among yield and some agronomic traits, 141 pure lines soybean as well as three commercial varieties(controls) (Williams, Sahar, DPX) were arranged at simple lattice model (12×12) with two replications in Gorgan agricultural researchstation in 2009. Analysis of variance demonstrated a significant difference among pure lines at 1% and 5% probability levels for alltraits. The results showed positive significant correlation among yield with percentage of protein, day to flowering, number of branches,pods per plant, plant height, and weight of seed per plant (g). Also the results indicated negative significant correlation among yieldand oil percentage. Stepwise regression showed day to flowering, plant height, seeds per pod/plant, number of nod/plant and proteinpercentage could explain variations in yield. Path analysis showed that number of pod/ plant and plant height had highest direct effecton grain yield of soybean, and because their direct effects had agreement with ctotal effects thus for yield increase effective select linestaller plant with number pod. Using cluster analysis with UPGMA method and the squared Euclidean distance as a measure of thesimilarity, the cultivars were groped in to five groups. According to results, the number of pods/plant and plant height were criterion.index to improvement of soybean yield in breeding programs
Applied Field Crops Research
Agricultural Research and Natural Resources Center of Khorasan Razavi
2538-4066
28
v.
106
no.
2015
29
36
https://aj.areeo.ac.ir/article_105673_c576ba08083351efac5f84ee4e0081de.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22092/aj.2015.105673
Effects of Mycorrhizal Symbiosism on some physiological characters of Sesbania aculeta against water deficient stress
E.
Faghani
Assistant Professor of Cotton Research Institute of Iran (CRI)
author
M.
Godarzi
Education Department of Kordkoy- Golestan
author
A.
Safarnezhad
Statistic expert of Agriculture and Natural Resources research Center of Gorgan- Golestan
author
text
article
2015
per
Drought is one of the most important abiotic stress and major limiting environmental factors for plant development and plantproduction. A plant defense reaction against water deficient is a complex endeavor. This experiment was conducted to investigate effectsof mycorrhiza symbiosis on nitrogen and phosphorus absorption, nitrate reductase activity of root and protein content in seed, prolincontent of root and carbohydrate of leaf and stem in Sesbania aculeta under drought stress. This study was carried out in RandomizedCompletely Block Design (RCBD) with three replications in green house conditions. Treatments were three levels of drought stress(location) and two levels of mycorrhiza, M0 (without fungi) and M1 (with fungi). Results showed that Protein content of seed and nitratereductase activity in root of mycorrhizal symbiosis in comparison with non-mycorrhizal symbiosis plants were increased significantlyin arrangement about 11% and 4%. Also there were no significant differences between phosphorous and nitrogen content in rootof mycorrhizal plants in comparison with non-mycorrhizal plants. During growth, flowering and filling seed, mycorrhizal symbiosisshowed significantly difference in prolin content of root. Also in flowering stage, soluble carbohydrate of leaf and stem in mycorrhizalsymbiosis plant were significantly higher than control (p<0.05).
Applied Field Crops Research
Agricultural Research and Natural Resources Center of Khorasan Razavi
2538-4066
28
v.
106
no.
2015
37
44
https://aj.areeo.ac.ir/article_105674_58625a19763394efeba344529a36b262.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22092/aj.2015.105674
Effects of molybdenum (Mo) spraying on morphophysiological characteristics of wheat under drought stress condition
J.
Hasanpour
Agriculture and Natural Resource Research Center of Tehran province
author
S. M.
Kanani
shahr-e-rey Branch, Islamic Azad University, Iran
author
S.
Teimouri
shahr-e-rey Branch, Islamic Azad University, Iran
author
text
article
2015
per
In order to evaluate the effects of Mo spraying on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of wheat grain yield under water stresscondition, an experiment was conducted in varamin agricultural research center in 2010-11. The experimental design was split plotin randomized complete block design with three replications. Main plots were three irrigation treatments: normal irrigation (S0), noirrigation at start of grain filling stage (S1) and no irrigation at start of flowering stage (S2), and sub plots were Mo spraying with threelevels including spraying with pure water (M0), Mo spraying with 0.5% concentration (M1) and Mo spraying with 1% concentration(M2). The results showed that, grain yield and many of yield components significantly affected by drought stress, in reproductivegrowth stage. Grain yield significantly decreased in both S1 and S2 treatments by 14.6% and 26.7% respectively. Protein percentagesignificantly increased from 10.9% at S0 treatment to 11.8% and 13.4% for S1 and S2 treatments respectively. S2 treatment had asignificant effect on maximum amount of LAI and CGR. Leaf defoliation in S2 treatment started so earlier than normal treatment.Mo spraying had significant effect on grain yield and many yield components and also had a significant lowering effect on water stressdamages. The grain yield was significantly increased from 5699 to 6065 kg/hac in M2 treatment. There was no significant differencebetween two spraying concentrations (0.5% and 1%) for number of kernel per spike, number of fertile tiller, TKW, grain yield, biologicalyield, protein yield and protein percentage. Also, the effect of Mo spraying was not significant for biological yield. Protein percentagesignificantly increased from 11.4% in M0 treatment to 12.40% and 12.34% in M1 and M2 treatments respectively. The highest proteinyield was obtained from S0M1and S0M2 with 735.8 and 724.8 kg/ha respectively. The manner of changes for LAI and CGR duringwheat growth period had significantly affected by Mo spraying. The Maximum amount of LAI and CGR recorded in S0M1 treatment
Applied Field Crops Research
Agricultural Research and Natural Resources Center of Khorasan Razavi
2538-4066
28
v.
106
no.
2015
45
54
https://aj.areeo.ac.ir/article_105675_c1b13c9abe82470069b1e2796ff4b0d7.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22092/aj.2015.105675
Iranian Medicago genetic resources: exploration, collection, conservation and centers of diversity
M. R.
Abbasi
Researcher of Agriculture and Natural Resources Research Center
of Khorasan-e Razavi
author
text
article
2015
per
Awareness of conservation situation in plant genetic resources has a key role in applied plant research. Medicago is the main foragelegume crop in Iran. A total of 1957 accessions belong to 19 Medicago species were collected from all over the country. It increasedtotal conserved materials to 1033 and 1299 accessions in alfalfa (M. sativa L.) and wild relatives of alfalfa (M. spp), respectively. It alsoincreased number of conserved species in the Medicago collection to 22 species. The species with large number included of M. sativaL., M. rigidula (L.). All., and M. minima (L.) Bartal. with 701, 230, and 159 accession, respectively. Geographical altitude in collectionsite differed from -21 m in Noushahr for M. polymorpha L. to 2838 m in Kerman province for M. rigidula (L.) All. and M. coronata(L.) Bartal. The paper has been discussed the conservation situation of Medicago species in the country. It was identified a main centerof genetic diversity for alfalfa in mountainous area of North Eastern of the country, besides former identified centers. Whereas for noncultivatedspecies were identified two main center of genetic diversity in West and South- Western of the country. Collected Medicagomaterials in addition to former ones provided a huge potential of Medicago germplasm in order to use in Medicago breeding programsand other research
Applied Field Crops Research
Agricultural Research and Natural Resources Center of Khorasan Razavi
2538-4066
28
v.
106
no.
2015
55
63
https://aj.areeo.ac.ir/article_105676_bdfc66f1e5cc66e39c296e35ae828868.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22092/aj.2015.105676
Effect of Single Irrigation on Yield and Agronomic Characters of Spring Rapeseed at Rainfed Condition
A.
Tavakoli
Assistant professor of Agricultural Engineering Research Department,
Semnan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center (Shahrood), Shahrood, Iran
author
B.
Abdolrahmani
Assistant professor of Dryland Agricultural Research Institute, Maragheh, Iran
author
text
article
2015
per
To investigate the relationship between grain yield and its components in spring rapeseed crop farming, this study was conductedas split plot arranged in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with two factors and three replications and two years on springcanola varieties in Maragheh Rainfed Agricultural Research Station. The treatments were four levels of single irrigation amounts(Zero, 30, 60 and 90mm irrigation water use) at growth stages (stem elongation, flowering and seed filling stage). There were positivesignificant correlations due to grain yield with all agronomic characters. Under single irrigation, path analysis and determination ofdirect and indirect effects showed that, number of pods per square meter, straw yield and seed number per pod has a direct positiveeffect and thousand seed weight has a negative direct effect on grain yield. Optimum level of single irrigation for rapeseed was 60mmirrigation at flowering stage that lead to producing 1071kg grain per hectare due to control of soil moisture stress at flowering stage. Thistreatment affected on grain yield (83% compared to rainfed condition) by increasing growth and produce new pods
Applied Field Crops Research
Agricultural Research and Natural Resources Center of Khorasan Razavi
2538-4066
28
v.
106
no.
2015
64
72
https://aj.areeo.ac.ir/article_105677_763eaa46f836ce8d294c3592aadffb13.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22092/aj.2015.105677
Estimation of Genetic Parameters of Effective Agronomical Traits on Yield in some of Iranian Rice Cultivar
H.
Beikzadeh
Researcher of Ministry of Agriculture Jihad
author
S.M.
Alavi Siney
Ph.D. of University of Zanjan
author
M.
Baya
Ph.D. of Urmia University
author
A. A.
Ezady
Researcher of Ministry of Agriculture Jihad
author
text
article
2015
per
To investigate the yield and correlation between agronomic traits and yield, seven rice cultivars ( Fajr, Sahel, Cadoos, Shafagh,Nemat, Neda and Domsiah) were studied using RCBD design with 4 replications at Sangdivar village, Kalat Nader (2010-2011). Basedon ANOVA, significant differences were observed among the studied genotypes. Also it was observed that the number of fertile tiller,plant height, number of seeds per panicle and weight of 1000 grains had significant and positive phenotypic and genotypic correlationwith grain yield, while other traits had no significant phenotypic and genotypic correlation with yield. According to compare mean andcorrelations matrix, and due to higher number of fertile tiller, plant height, number of seeds per panicle and weight of 1000 grains, Fajrand Nemat cultivars had better yield than those in other cultivars. As well, path analysis verified positive and direct effects of 1000 grainsweight and plant height on yield. So selection of superior genotype concerning yield can be indirectly performed through mentionedtraits.
Applied Field Crops Research
Agricultural Research and Natural Resources Center of Khorasan Razavi
2538-4066
28
v.
106
no.
2015
73
78
https://aj.areeo.ac.ir/article_105678_7c2f3d924f6a414d46ff53bce584a618.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22092/aj.2015.105678
Effects of Water stress and nitrogen fertilizer on yield, its components, water and nitrogen use efficiency
of corn (Zea mays L.) cv. SC. 704.
R.
Ghobadi
, (Corresponding Author; Tel: 09183306352), Young Researchers and Elite Club, Kermanshah Branch, Islamic Azad
Unniversity, Kermanshah, Iran
author
A.
Shirkhani
, Scientific Staff of Kermanshah Research Center for Agriculture and Natural Resources
author
A.
Jalilian
, Scientific Staff of Kermanshah Research Center for Agriculture and Natural Resources
author
text
article
2015
per
To evaluate the effects of drought stress and nitrogen fertilizer on yield, yield components and water and nitrogen use efficiency ofcorn, (hybrid Sc 704) an experiment was conducted as a split plot design based on randomized complete block with three replicationin Agricultural Research Station in West Islamabad. Main factor included three levels of irrigation requirement (%100, %80 and%60 of irrigation requirement) and nitrogen fertilizer factor 170 kg of pure nitrogen per hectare, %30 more and %30 less than thisamount positioned in the sub-plots. The results showed that drought stress caused reducing yield and its components. So that severedrought stress as compared to normal irrigation decreased the grain yield to 45.62 percent. Increasing nitrogen fertilizer up to 170/haby influencing on leaf area index, biological yield and yield components, caused increasing the grain’s yield. But nitrogen consumptiongreater than amount of plant need didn’t have a positive effect on yield. On the other hand in this situation grain yield versus using theproper amount of nitrogen 11.3 percent decreased. In addition, under the condition of optimum consuming of fertilizer versus more thanit not only increased nitrogen use efficiency but also maximum water use efficiency was obtained. Related to effects of irrigation andnitrogen interaction increasing soil moisture and nitrogen simultaneously increased the grain’s yield; but using a great deal of nitrogenfertilizer under the condition of water stress due to decreased absorption and increased waste nitrogen, decreased the grain’s yield; sothe maximum amount of grain’s yield (19.23 ton/ha) was achieved by treatment of affording full irrigation requirement and applying221 kg of nitrogen and the lowest amount (9.17ton/ha) was obtained by treatment of severe drought stress and same amount of fertilizer.
Applied Field Crops Research
Agricultural Research and Natural Resources Center of Khorasan Razavi
2538-4066
28
v.
106
no.
2015
79
87
https://aj.areeo.ac.ir/article_105726_654cab2f62a025464c59633d4c055211.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22092/aj.2015.105726
Effect of allelopathic extracts of Barley on germination, vegetative growth and some enzymes activates of Echinocloa colonum
R.
R. Farhoudi
R. Farhoudi, (Corresponding Author; ), Scientific Staff of Islamic Azad University, Shoushtar branch, shoushtar, Iran
author
N.
Darmy Zadeh
, M.Sc. Student of Scientific Staff of Islamic Azad University, Shoushtar branch, shoushtar, Iran
author
text
article
2015
per
This study was conducted to evaluate the allelopathic potential of barley extracts against Echinocloa colonum at Islamic Azad University,Shoushtar Branch, Iran at germination and vegetative growth stage. Both of experiments were laid out according to Complete BlockRandomize design with four replications and treatments were 0, 25, 50 and 75 % barley extract concentration. Barley extracts applicationexhibited gradual rise in inhibitory effects on seedling weight, antioxidant enzymes activities and α-amylase activity but elevated themalondialdehyde concentration in Echinocloa colonum seedling. The lowest α-amylase activity was noted at higher levels of extractapplication (2.09 nmol seed-1 min-2). Likewise, seedling weight, antioxidant enzyme activities and sucrose synthesis activity weredeclined with barley extract application but malondialdehyde concentration increased. Minimom sucrose synthesis reduction (1.2 nmolprot-1 min-2) and maximum malondialdehyde reduction (0.74 nmol gr wight) was noted at 70% level of barley extract application. . Inconclusion, barley extract had strong allelopathic potential against Echinocloa colonum and decreased α-amylase and sucrose synthesisactivity but increased cell membrane damage
Applied Field Crops Research
Agricultural Research and Natural Resources Center of Khorasan Razavi
2538-4066
28
v.
106
no.
2015
88
93
https://aj.areeo.ac.ir/article_105727_6e1a6b5325670eb05f6029cd60144824.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22092/aj.2015.105727
Effect of temperature treatments on growth stages and yield of rice varieties in greenhouse
A.
Fallah
(Corresponding Author; Tel: 09111550502), Scientific Staff of Rice Research Institute of Iran
author
P.
Miarostami
M.Sc. of Agronomy, Islamic Azad University, Ghaemshar Branch
author
text
article
2015
per
In order to study of temperature treatment on growth of rice crop, a green house experiment was carried out at deputy of rice researchinstitute of Iran. Treatment’s included varieties in 5 levels (Tarom, Fajr, Shirudi, Dilam and Line 843) as main factors and 2 levels oftemperature treatment. (16 & 32°c) along with 4 levels of growth stages (mid-tillering utile maximum tillering, stem elongation, bootingfloweringand grain filling) were considered as two sub factors. Only two seedlings were planted in each pot and all of them were keptin normal temperature then they were kept in 16°c for 15 days then they were transferred to 32°c place. After each stage, morphologicalcharacters of plant height, tiller number, leaf area, leaf, stem and total dry weight per hill were measured. Yield and yield componentsof hill was measured in physiological maturity stage. The decrease of temperature from 32 to 16°c causes the decrease of morphologicalcharacters of plant height, tiller number, leaf area, leaf, stem and total dry weight up to 6, 17, 56, 39 and 38 percent, respectively. Indifferent growth stage in relation to temperature stress in the middle tillering stage until the appearance of young panicle lowest yieldwas obtained because of decrease in morphological characters and panicle number and length. The most sensitive variety in relationto temperature stress is the 843 line with the most percentage of decreasing of yield (% 20.64) and the most tolerance in relation totemperature stress is the variety of Shirudi with the least percentage of decreasing of yield (% 11.01). The most amount of yield wasobtained in the variety of Dilam with temperature stress in grain filling stage (30.68 g in hill) and the lowest amount in the variety wasTarom in the mid-tillering utile the appearance of young panicle stage (16.57 g in hill) because of decreasing the panicle number in hilland less number of grain in panicle. The mount of final yield decreasing in 16°c in relation to 32°c was 19.6 percent.
Applied Field Crops Research
Agricultural Research and Natural Resources Center of Khorasan Razavi
2538-4066
28
v.
106
no.
2015
94
103
https://aj.areeo.ac.ir/article_105728_11704796997172bfad6763dd85b75d30.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22092/aj.2015.105728
The Effect of Ammonium and Calcium Bearing Amendments on Soil Potassium Release and Wheat Uptake
M.
Vafakhah
(Corresponding Author; Tel: 09113535224), M. Sc. Student of Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and
Natural Resources
author
S. A.
Movahedi Naeini
Associate Prof., Dept. of Soil Science, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources
author
E.
Zeinali
Associate Prof., Dept. of Soil Science, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources
author
O.
Ghasemi
chapi, Instructor, Sari Agricultural Research Institute
author
text
article
2015
per
Effects of accompanied ammonium and calcium (from CaCl2 and CaSO4 sources) with potassium fertilizer on wheat yield were investigatedwith six treatments in a field trial in Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources farm No.1. With a non limitingN supply, potassium is the most limiting plant growth factor in the site of the experiment. Electric diffuse double layer is expectedto be truncated with a high specific surface soil in this area minimizing the soil solution-diffuse double layer interface for potassium diffusion.The results showed accompanying ammonium and calcium with a high concentration of electrolytes increased potassium movement.The high quantity of potassium applied with the base fertilizer was still insufficient for optimum yield production as is inferred fromincreased yield when extra potassium was applied by CaCl2 + KCl, CaSO4 + KCl and Urea + KCl treatments. Contrary to CaCl2 calciumsources, potassium uptake and yield were increased by K-accompanied calcium from CaSO4. Calcium synergistic effects on plant potassiumuptake were stronger with sulfate anions as compared with chloride. Data show when potassium is applied with low quantities ofaccompanied ammonium, improvements in yield and potassium uptake are even greater than calcium when applied in high quantities.
Applied Field Crops Research
Agricultural Research and Natural Resources Center of Khorasan Razavi
2538-4066
28
v.
106
no.
2015
104
110
https://aj.areeo.ac.ir/article_105729_67f615e0d835bb32ccacfca73cf1648f.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22092/aj.2015.105729
Evaluation of different weeders performance for controlling weeds in rice field
H.
Yousefnia pasha
, (Corresponding Author; Tel: 09112185597), M.Sc of Agricultural Machinery, Sari Agricultural Sciences
and Natural Resources University
author
R.
Tabatabae koloor
, Associate Professor of Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University
author
J.
Hashemi
Assistant Professor of Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University
author
text
article
2015
per
In order to comparison of different mechanical control methods of weed of rice field, a field experiment was carried out in Babolcity- during 2011. The experiment in the basis of randomized complete block design with four treatments in three replications includingpowered weeder, conoweeder weeder, hand weeding and no weeding were used. Number of weeds was counted before and afterweeding. There was significant effect among treatments on grain yield, weeding efficiency, number and dry weight of weeds after weedcontrol. There was not any significant different between powered and conoweeder weeder regarding weeding efficiency, while there wassignificant different with hand weeding treatment. Number and dry weight of weeds for hand weeding was least. Average field capacityfor powered weeder was 0.025 ha/h. Regarding economical considerations, powered weeder and hand weeding had the highest (5.86percent) and least (1.68 percent) efficiency respectively. Therefore, treatments were ranked from powered weeder, conoweeder weederand powered weeder, respectively.
Applied Field Crops Research
Agricultural Research and Natural Resources Center of Khorasan Razavi
2538-4066
28
v.
106
no.
2015
111
117
https://aj.areeo.ac.ir/article_105730_43b54064d78aac16679619b97f81076e.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22092/aj.2015.105730
Effect of superabsorbent on physiological traits and yield of wheat Azar2 cultivar under dry farming condition
S. M.
Mortezavi
Msc. Student of University of Zanjan
author
A.
Tavakoli
,(Corresponding Author; Tel: 0241-5152339), Assistant professor of University of Zanjan
author
M. H.
Mohammadi
, Assistant professor of University of Zanjan
author
K.
Afsahi
Assistant professor of University of Zanjan
author
text
article
2015
per
Drought stress is one of the important factors limiting crop production. Increasing the water use efficiency is a strategy for enhancingthe crop production. In order to study effects of superabsorbent on wheat’s growth in dryland, an experiment was conducted inresearch farm of agriculture Faculty of Zanjan University in 2010-2011. This experiment was conducted based on a random completeblocks design included four treatments of (0, 15, 30 and 45 kg Clophony superabsorbent per hectare with four replications. In thisexperiment Azar2 cultivar was used. The result of experiment showed that application of superabsorbent increased absorbing water bythe plant and of relative water content which is causing the source strength by increased leaf area index and Chlorophyll index. Also,super absorbents’ application cased to increasing in the yield components including the number of fertile spike, the number of grain inspike and the grain weight which has finally led to the increase of grain yield. The grain yield increased in a linear trend with the raiseof superabsorbent’s application and the maximum grain yield (2718 Kg/ha) was obtained using 45kg in hectare of Clophony superabsorbent. The results was showed that this treatment increase grain yield 156.5 percentage. In general could say that the application ofsuper absorbent material in dryland condition could increase the grain yield by decreasing the drought stress affects and increasing thesource and sink strength.
Applied Field Crops Research
Agricultural Research and Natural Resources Center of Khorasan Razavi
2538-4066
28
v.
106
no.
2015
118
125
https://aj.areeo.ac.ir/article_105731_afabe1e02f561fe87dff2223289cbdbd.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22092/aj.2015.105731
Effect of produced Vermicompost from cow manure impregnated to copper oxide (CuO) and Zinc Oxide (ZnO) Nanoparticles
on some properties of wax bean crop (Vigna unguiculata)
F.
Behbodi
, (Corresponding Author; Tel: 09125209259), Ph.D. student of Tarbiat Modares University
author
E.
Allah Dadi,
Associate Professor of University of Tehran
author
E.
Mohamadi Goltape
Professor of University of Tehran
author
text
article
2015
per
In order to study the effect of vermicompost produced from cow manure impregnated to copper oxide and zinc oxide nanoparticles onsome properties of wax bean crop (Vigna unguiculata), an experiment factorial were done based on a randomized complete block designin three replications. The experiment factors were as follows: nanoparticles (0, 0.4, 0.8 and 1.2 g/kg weight of substrate), vermicompost(2.5, 5 and 7.5 g/kg weight of substrate) and kind of nanoparticles (copper oxide and zinc oxide). After preparation of substrates, toany one of them was added adult worm Eisenia fetida and after a week were added nanoparticles to substrate as a solution. After threemonths, vermicompost prepared according to the weight of cultivation substrate was cultivated with mix soil and grain of wax bean asa wet planting. Results showed with increasing in both nanoparticles decreased spad leaves chlorophyll, number grain in pod, numberof pod in bush, weight of pod, pod length, weight of hundred grains, grain yield, biological yield, harvest index, stem length and grainprotein and increased concentration copper and zinc in grain. In similar level nanoparticles (except first level), spad leaves chlorophyll,number of pods, weight of hundred grains, grain yield, stem length and pod length in zinc oxide nanoparticles were more than copperoxide nanoparticles. In similar level nanoparticles and vermicompost accumulation of zinc in grain was more than copper. With comsumptionof copper oxide nanoparticles, grain yield decreased 66 percent and With comsumption of zinc oxide nanoparticles, grain yielddecreased 35 percent.
Applied Field Crops Research
Agricultural Research and Natural Resources Center of Khorasan Razavi
2538-4066
28
v.
106
no.
2015
126
134
https://aj.areeo.ac.ir/article_105732_f09a0190566e00cb6bcc7873d10b66c9.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22092/aj.2015.105732
Study of performance, assimilate remobilization to grain and spike photosynthesis rate in rainfed wheat genotypes with
farmer participation
Z.
Bashiri
(Corresponding Author; Tel: 09188431710), Msc of Islamic Azad University of Kermanshah
author
text
article
2015
per
Participatory plant breeding initiated in Iran since 2005 and the present investigation was a part of this program. This investigationconducted in farmer’s field with their participation in cropping season 2010-2011 in Mazhin village of Eyvan region, in Ilam province,west Iran. 16 bread wheat were planted as RCBD in four replication. Genotypes were evaluated for Grain yield, remobilization of reservedassimulates to grain, Spike photosynthesis rate, plant height, Days to heading and maturity. For assimilate remobilization rate,the superior genotypes were; Azar2, 13, Rijaw and 8. For spike photosynthesis rate, the superior genotypes were; Azar2, Rijaw, 13,7& 8. For early growth vigor, Rijaw, 5, Sardari were better than the others. For all of the traits related to drougth, 7 was on of the bestgenotypes and enhanced good score from farmers, therefore can use in breeding programs in future. For farmer s score Rijaw was thesuperior genotype. For Grain yield, number 6 was better than checks 24, 41 and 61 percent, respectively. Number 12 enhanced betterscore from farmers in compare to checks..
Applied Field Crops Research
Agricultural Research and Natural Resources Center of Khorasan Razavi
2538-4066
28
v.
106
no.
2015
135
143
https://aj.areeo.ac.ir/article_105733_98ef9abc71d8d607b2fc3d012cbb3b59.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22092/aj.2015.105733
The effect of Volunteer barely density on yield and yield components of wheat in different Nitrogen levels
J.
Moslehi
Sabzevar Branch, Islamic Azad University
author
M.
Armin
(Corresponding Author; Tel: 09155716747), Sabzevar Branch, Islamic Azad University
author
text
article
2015
per
In order to investigate the influence of volunteer barely density on yield and yield components of wheat in different nitrogen applicationrates, an experiment was conducted in 2010-2011 at Islamic Azad University, Sabzevar Branch. Factors were arranged as a splitplot experiment in randomized complete block design with three replications. Main factor was nitrogen levels (Recommended-25%,Recommended and recomendede+25%, equal to 150, 200 and 250 Kg.ha-1 Nitrogen as urea form, respectively) and volunteer barelydensity (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 plant.m-2) was considered as sub plot. Increasing of volunteer barely had negative asymptotic effecton economic and biological yield. Yield components were decreased with increasing of volunteer barely density. Volunteer barelyhad more competition ability at low and high nitrogen levels than recommended level. The highest tiller number, 1000 seed weight,economic yield and biological yield were achieved at recommended nitrogen level and weed free conditions. Increase or decrease theamount of nitrogen level was more beneficial for barely than wheat. Increasing of volunteer barely density decreased yield and yieldcomponents of wheat at more or less recommended level of nitrogen.
Applied Field Crops Research
Agricultural Research and Natural Resources Center of Khorasan Razavi
2538-4066
28
v.
106
no.
2015
144
152
https://aj.areeo.ac.ir/article_105735_5f5249c66f92f31769bd9668c707ae6a.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22092/aj.2015.105735
Evaluation the possibility of reducing Haloxyfop-R-methyl ester (Gallant super®) dose by some vegetable oils in little seed
canary grass (Phalaris minor Retz.)
M.
Rastgoo
Scientific Staff of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
author
M.
Kargar
(Corresponding Author; Tel: 09338304480), Ph.D. student of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
author
H.
Assadolahi
M.Sc. Student of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
author
text
article
2015
per
To compare the effects of coconut, sesame and almond oil for increasing the efficacy of Haloxyfop-R-methyl ester herbicideand also reducing the usage dose of herbicide to control little seed canary grass, a greenhouse experiment was performed as factorialbased on completely randomized design with 12 replications in Research greenhouse of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad in 2011.The treatments consisted of herbicide doses at six levels (0, 6.75, 13.5, 27, 54 and 108 g a. i. ha-1) and adjuvant at four levels (withoutadjuvant, coconut, sesame and almond oil as a vegetable oil at 0.5 percentages by volume. Based on results of the regression analysisand comparison of the mean, all vegetable oils increased Haloxyfop-R-methyl ester herbicide efficacy. The amount of ED50 and relativepotency (R) decreased and increased respectively. Data analysis showed that coconut oil increased Haloxyfop-R-methyl ester herbicideefficient more than other vegetables oils. ED50 of coconut oil, sesame seeds, almonds and Haloxyfop-R-methyl ester alone was 29.98,35.62, 45.93 and 57.80 g a. i. h-1 respectively. Average dry weight for Haloxyfop-R-methyl ester, peanut, sesame, coconut oil was 1.65,1.48, 1.41and 1.12 grams per pot, respectively. It is probably resulted high ratio of saturated to unsaturated fatty acids is reason greaterefficiency of coconut oil than other vegetable oils.
Applied Field Crops Research
Agricultural Research and Natural Resources Center of Khorasan Razavi
2538-4066
28
v.
106
no.
2015
153
161
https://aj.areeo.ac.ir/article_105736_93fe6433cbec47d3ece96475277ef36a.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22092/aj.2015.105736
Study on heritability and path analysis of different traits, seed yield and oil yield of canola in climatically condition of
KhoramAbad, Iran
A.
Ismaili
(Corresponding Author; Tel: 066-33400012), Scientific Staff of Lorestan University
author
A.
Nourozi Asl
Razi herbal medicines research center, Lorestan university of medical sciences, Khorramabad, Iran and
M.Sc., Broujerd Branch, Islamic Azad University
author
A.
Zebarjadi
, Scientific Staff of Razi university, Kermanshah, Iran
author
R.
Drikvand
, Scientific Staff of Khoramabad branch, Islamic Azad University
author
Kh.
Azizi
Scientific Staff of Lorestan University
author
text
article
2015
per
For study of genetic diversity among canola genotypes, an experiment was carried out based on randomized complete block designwith three replications in KhorramAbad, Iran. Fifteen genotypes were studied in each block and each plot consists of 5 rows 5 m lengthand 30 cm distance among rows. Different traits were evaluated including morphological, phonological, yield and yield components.Analysis of variance showed significant differences for days to 50% of flowering, plant height, days to maturity, siliques per plant, seedsper silique, 1000 seed weight, grain yield, oil percent and oil yield. Means comparisons among genotypes showed significant differencesfor all traits, indicating existence of genetic diversity among genotypes. SLM-046 genotype with average values of 4177 and 1817 kgh-1 grain and oil yield, respectively had higher performance among genotypes. Correlation coefficient of grain yield with 1000 seedweight, seed per silique, silique per plant, silique length, oil percent and oil yield was positive and significant. Phenotypic coefficientof variation was higher than genotypic coefficient for all traits, indicating the significant affects of environment conditions. Estimateof heritabilities were high for all traits except plant height. Result of path analysis showed that silique length, silique per plant and oilpercent had significant effect on grain yield. Cluster analysis classified all genotypes to three groups and Sahra and Sunday showedhighest genetic distance.
Applied Field Crops Research
Agricultural Research and Natural Resources Center of Khorasan Razavi
2538-4066
28
v.
106
no.
2015
162
170
https://aj.areeo.ac.ir/article_105737_303c4298bb6a6bd7402a07e710a6bf31.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22092/aj.2015.105737
The effect of plant density on morphological traits and yield of four forage sorghum cultivars in Damghan region
A.
Damavandi
(Corresponding Author; Tel: 09113770090), Instructor of Islamic Azad University of Damghan, Iran
author
N.
Latifi
Profeessor of Gorgan University
author
M.
Darbanian
, M.Sc. of Gorgan University
author
text
article
2015
per
To study the effect of plant density on morphological traits, dry fodder yield and yield components of four forage sorghum cultivars in second cropping, an experiment was conducted at experimental farm of Islamic Azad University of Damghan in 2012-13. A factorial randomized complete block design with three replications were used. The treatments were three plant density (88, 133 and 266 thousand plant per hectare) and four forage sorghum cultivars [Speed feed (early maturity), Sugergraze (medium maturity), Nectar (mid-late maturity) and Jambo ( late maturity)]. The results showed that the effect of plant density on number of leaf per plant, leaf area index, number of tiller per plant, stem diameter, leaf, stem and panicle dry weight /per plant and/per m2, and dry fodder yield were significant. Dry fodder yeild was increased by 41.14 percent with increasing of plant density from 88 to 266 thousand plant per hectare. The result of this study showd that Sugergraze cultivar with plant density of 266 thousand plants per hectare is appropraite as second cropping in damghan region.
Applied Field Crops Research
Agricultural Research and Natural Resources Center of Khorasan Razavi
2538-4066
28
v.
106
no.
2015
171
177
https://aj.areeo.ac.ir/article_105738_249d72f7cffb986dd1a0cfa7177ad0eb.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22092/aj.2015.105738
Effect of Phosphorous and Plant Density on Economic Yield of Iranian Borage
S. A.
Tabatabaei
(Corresponding Author; Tel: 09133535749), Scientific Staff of Agriculture and Natural Resources
Research Center of Yazd
author
M,
Zare
, M.Sc.of Agriculture and Natural Resources Research Center of Yazd
author
M.
Zarezada
M.Sc.of Islamic Azad University Meybod Branch
author
M.
Yoosefi
,M.Sc.of Agriculture Research, Education and extension Organization
author
M.
Soltani
, M.Sc.of Agriculture and Natural Resources Research Center of Yazd
author
text
article
2015
per
To evaluate of phosphorus fertilizer and planting density effect on flower production and other characteristics of medicinal plantborage (Borago officinalis. L), a split plot experiment in randomized complete block design with three replications was conducted atAgricultural Research Station of Mehriz in 2008-2009. Treatments included four levels of phosphorus (0, 50, 100 , 150 kg/ha as mainfactor and three planting distance 20, 40 and 60centimeter as the sub factor were considered. Each experimental unit consisted of 6 linecultivated over 8 m. In this experiment, the traits: number of days to flowering, plant height, average number of flowers per plant, floweryield per unit area and total biomass were studied. The results showed that different levels of phosphorus fertilizer and planting densitywere effective on the above characteristics. Effect of rows distance and phosphorus fertilizer on flower yield was significant at the 1%level. The flowers yield per unit area increased with decreasing distance between the rows, so that the row spacing of 20 cm with 778.4kg/ha had the highest yield. The highest flower yield (with 682.9 kg / ha) was belong to the highest levels of phosphorus (150 kg/he)fertilizer
Applied Field Crops Research
Agricultural Research and Natural Resources Center of Khorasan Razavi
2538-4066
28
v.
106
no.
2015
178
184
https://aj.areeo.ac.ir/article_105740_a904dbee0d86883a88b43bfaadb4de1d.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22092/aj.2015.105740
Eٍvaluation of Morphological, physiological traits and essential oil yield in some Chamomile populations of Anthemis
haussknechtii species
N.
Adeli,
MS.c of Islamic Azad University, Karaj Branch
author
M. A.
Alizadeh
, (Corresponding Author; Tel: 09122876952),Associat professor , Natural Resource of Gene Bank Group,
Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Tehran , Iran
author
M. A.A.
Mohammadi
, Assistance of Islamic Azad University, Karaj Branch
author
A.A.
Jafari,
A.A.Jafari Professor of Department of Rangeland, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization,
Tehran, Iran
author
text
article
2015
per
The Chamomile of Anthemis haussknechtii species is one of the medicinal plants which is related to the compositae family which growsas wild type in some parts of the country. Essential oils of chamomile flowers used extensively in pharmaceuticals, food, cosmetics andhealth. Ecological conditions have a major role in the growth, yield and quality of medicinal plants. The purpose of this study was evaluationof morphological and phonological, and qualitative traits such as: length and width of vegetative crown, plant height, flower numberper plant, fresh and dry weight, time of flowering, time of harvest, essential oil percentage, essential oil yield, growth degree daysduring flowering and harvesting in ecological condition of Karaj twon. The experiment was conducted in a Randomized CompletelyBlocks Design (RCBD) with three replicates in Alborz research station. Analysis variance showed that there was significant differencebetween population for all traits for Anthemis haussknechtii species (p ≤0.01) except for essential oil yield which was significance at p≤0.05. This study showed that Kohdasht and Kermanshah populations of Anthemis haussknechtii species, considered as superior populationand also they flowered sooner than other populations. Result of simple correlation analysis showed that that there was significantpositive correlation between essential oil yield with fresh and dry weight of foliage biomass, flower number per bush and length andwidth of vegetative crown and this result indicated that amount of top heading branch yield would be increased by increasing of abovementioned traits. Result of Stepwise Regression Analysis for essential oil yield as variable trait showed that yield of foliage biomass andpercent of essential oil have more effective on essential oil yield.
Applied Field Crops Research
Agricultural Research and Natural Resources Center of Khorasan Razavi
2538-4066
28
v.
106
no.
2015
185
192
https://aj.areeo.ac.ir/article_105741_ff3b68d835fb78c46525bbcfd714bba2.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22092/aj.2015.105741
عنوان نداشت
E.
Masoumpour
(Corresponding Author; Tel: 09125334938), Ph.D. student of Islamic Azad University Eslamshahr Branch
author
A.
Mousapour Gorji
, Scientific Staff of Seed and Plant Improvement Institute
author
Y.
Sharghi
Scientific Staff of Islamic Azad University Eslamshahr Branch
author
text
article
2015
per
To determinate of regression relationships and correlation between different attributes and yield, 28 clones with different maturityalong to six control varieties with Agria, Marfona, Satyna, savalan, Kaiser and Bourne were studied in a randomized complete blockdesign format with three replications at the Seed and Plant Improvement Research Institute in 2012. The main stem number, plant height,stem diameter, day of tuberization and harvesting were assessment during growing stage and tubers number per plant, average tuberweight, tuber size, total and marketable yield, tuber dry matter, starch content and specificity gravity were measured after harvesting.The results showed that difference between clones for most of traits was significant at the 1% level. The spearman correlation coefficientranged from -0.397 to 0.998 where the highest one was belong to specificity gravity and starch and the lowest one was belong totuber dry matter and reducing sugar content. The Pierson correlation coefficients ranged from -0.33 to 0.958 where the highest one wasbelong to total yield and marketable yield and the lowest negative one was belong to marketable yield and tuberization time. There wasa little positive correlation (10.1%) between starch and total and marketable yield. The results of regression analysis based on forward,backward, and stepwise methods was the same for post-harvested traits and only tuber weight was included to the model at the 1% levelwhereas at the 5% level, tuber weight, tuber flesh color and tuber shape was included to the model respectively. For growing stage traits,plant high and tuberization time were included to the model respectively. The highest and lowest effects were belonging to tuber weight(52.58%) and tuber shape (5.51%) respectively.
Applied Field Crops Research
Agricultural Research and Natural Resources Center of Khorasan Razavi
2538-4066
28
v.
106
no.
2015
193
203
https://aj.areeo.ac.ir/article_105742_64b89957bc49cd4f341f9c90d9ce50ba.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22092/aj.2015.105742